How Do Lasers Remove Hair?

Laser hair removal works by destroying the hair follicle that generates new hairs. The laser heats up the pigment melanin, which makes up the hair. The heat from the melanin destroys the follicle and prevents hair from regrowing.

Shaving, threading, waxing, using epilators or applying hair-removal creams are all good ways to remove hair. Yet, they all have one problem in common… within a few days, the hair starts to grow back and returns to its original state. This cycle repeats itself… endlessly.

Fortunately, the end of this vicious cycle has been found—laser hair removal.

The recent use of lasers to rid people of unwanted facial and body hair is a much longer-lasting option. If you haven’t heard of it or tried it before, don’t worry. It’s not a sci-fi super laser that burns the hair off your skin, but rather a tiny and highly effective one!

How Does Laser Hair Removal Work?

Human skin contains thousands of tiny tunnel-shaped pores called follicles. Hair grows from the bottom of these follicles, with each hair root embedded deep within this tunnel.

Photothermolysis

Lasers fired in short and quick bursts remove the hair by breaking the follicles, albeit in an indirect manner. The laser doesn’t just zap the follicle; instead, the hair breaks because of a light-dependent process called photothermolysis.

Inside the follicle, there is a pigment present—melanin. This skin pigment is responsible for the color of our skin. The more melanin that is secreted by the body, the darker the skin color will be.

The laser emits light in the 600-1100 nm wavelength range. Melanin absorbs wavelengths between 300-1200 nm. Upon absorbing the energy in the light, melanin heats up, which destroys the follicle. Think of this approach like gently burning your hair follicles.

Also Read: Why Do We Lose Hair From Our Head, But Not The Rest Of Our Body?

The Method Of Hair Removal Using Laser

Any hair will interfere with the laser light reaching the follicles, so the target area must first be shaved.

This is followed by applying a cold gel to contract the skin pores, making the hair removal procedure more precise and reducing the post-laser swelling that can occur.

The laser gun is placed on top of the gel and moved all over the skin, while the laser zaps in quick, continuous succession. This part is slightly painful, and feels like multiple simultaneous pin pricks!

Also Read: Why Don’t Women Keep/Grow Beards?

Types Of Lasers Used In Hair Removal

There are different types of lasers that differ in efficacy and power. A few examples are the Ruby laser, Alexandrite laser, Diode laser and Nd:YAG laser. Each of these emits light of a different wavelength and each has different efficiencies that are particularly suited to a certain skin type.

For example, people with darker skin are treated with lasers emitting higher wavelengths of light. The greater the wavelength, the deeper it pokes through the skin. Ruby lasers have the shortest wavelength (694 nm), followed by the Alexandrite laser (755 nm), diode laser (810 nm) and the Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm).

Are Lasers Better Than Waxing?

Lasers basically heat the hair follicles to suppress hair growth. Waxing, on the other hand, simply yanks out the hair from the follicle, allowing the follicle to remake the hair.

Waxing targets the hair, rather than the follicle, which is why its effects don’t last as long as laser hair removal. However, that’s also why waxing doesn’t affect your skin tone, nor does it cause rashes or swelling, aside from the few pimple-like bumps that sometimes appear after waxing.

In short, laser removal prevents new hair from growing back. Whether it’s “better” than waxing depends on each individual’s hair type and skin. It would be wise to consult your dermatologist before deciding between these two popular hair removal methods.

Although permanently ridding the human body of hair is not as simple as it sounds, laser therapy has come a long way towards achieving this outcome, with many tech advancements in just the past decade or two.  There are, of course, many other factors that affect how well these treatments will work. A person’s skin color, hair thickness and hair color all affect the outcome.

How Effective Is Laser Hair Removal?

Around 80% of people report a decrease in hair growth after laser treatment, meaning that it doesn’t work for about 20% of people. Obviously, laser therapy isn’t for everyone. Some resilient bodies have follicles that can continue sprouting hair, despite being fired upon by lasers.  On top of that, not everyone shows the same proportion of hair loss. The amount you lose can range from 4% to 70%.

If you consider going for laser hair removal, consult your dermatologist to determine which laser is best suited to your skin type. Not to mention, the darker your hair, the more painful it may be. You should also know that using the laser on your “sensitive areas” may be quite excruciating, so consider yourself warned!

Severe complications like burns, scarring, increased acne and rashes are rare and uncommon, but it can happen. Even early greying of hair is a possible side effect. With that in mind, you can consider the risks and rewards before deciding if laser hair removal is worth the effort for a smooth, hair-free body.

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